Dixie Jews

benjamin.jpg

Revelations about George "Macaca" Allen's heritage have some folks wondering to me how a nice Jewish boy could have turned out to be such a Stars & Bars loving racist. As I've been pointing out, it's contrary to stereotype, but Jews have a long history with the Confederacy. Over to your right, you'll see Judah P. Benjamin who I'd thought was the first Jewish Senator. He turns out to have actually been the second one, representing Louisiana in the Senate in the 1850s before resigning when the southern states seceeded. He then became the Confederate Attorney-General (the USA had never had a Jewish cabinet secretary at this point) and later held some other CSA cabinet posts.

Benjamin's status as first Jewish Senator turns out to be somewhat complicated because of the case of David Levy Yulee who converted to Christianity before being elected to the Senate, but who had been a practicing Jew earlier in life. Yulee, too, was a southerner who also resigned his seat during the Civil War. So there you have it -- the Confederacy was Good for the Jews.

Meanwhile, a note on nomenclature. Josh Marshall uses the term "crypto-Jew" with reference to Allen. That's always been my preferred term for folks in the Allen/Albright/Clark category of having Jewish ancestry but not knowing about it. Another crucial category is the "stealth Jew" -- persons like myself who are acknowledged Jews with very non-Jewish names. My successor at the paper I edited in college was a Jewish fellow by the name of Andrew Ujifusa so the Independent was, at the time, ground zero for the vast stealth Jew media conspiracy. Conversely, you have pseudo-Jews like Sam Rosenfeld -- goys with super-Jewish names.

Comments

Sam Rosenfeld isn't Jewish?

That's so wrong.

Posted by: SoCalJustice on September 20, 2006 04:12 PM

wouldn't the most apt comparison to George Felix Allen's little snit be Kerry? I mean, he was running a campaign when he found his Jewish roots. Of course, as Kerry isn't a bigot, he didn't have a hissy fit and consider it insulting.

Posted by: Dan on September 20, 2006 04:14 PM

Names are patrilinear and Judaism is matrilinear. Sam's paternal grandfather was Jewish, but his mother and his father's mother were non-Jewish. I'm just the reverse. Mom was Jewish as is my dad's mom, but my dad's dad wasn't. We really ought to switch names.

Posted by: Matthew Yglesias on September 20, 2006 04:22 PM

Shouldn't your "pseudo-Jew" category be more accurately called mimic-Jew? (If you're not into bio, see http://dorakmt.tripod.com/evolution/mimicry.html .) Whether Batesian or Mullerian, I suppose, depends on the viewpoint of the person using the term.

Posted by: fishbane on September 20, 2006 04:49 PM

I managed to repress whatever knowledge I had that Judaism was matrilineal until about the age of 25, so I still can't take that idea seriously. (I know, I've got roughly the whole world against me on that one.) But you're actually a second-generation stealth Jew, with both parents Jewish. Sort of a super stealth Jew.

Posted by: Jeff on September 20, 2006 05:04 PM

Hey Matt et al.

Love the new site... just wondering if anyone has read the Richmond Times-Dispatch this morning? It has, in the context of an article that tries really *Really* hard to paint Allen as somehow not having an anti-semetic reaction to his Jewish heritage, perhaps one of the stupidest things Allen could've said on the matter... namely
"I still had a ham sandwich for lunch".

This is the sorta thing that appears in a small(ish) paper and won't get much play. But it's very revealing. His entire stance is basically "Well, I don't give a shit. I'm still not a Jew" Jew here being defined by keeping kosher eating laws. Something many American Jews (including this one) don't do. Also, confusing Jew the ethnic group, with Judaism the religion. Anyway... not to be relentlessly self-promoting, but I have a short write up on this at my blog here:
http://parabasis.typepad.com/blog/2006/09/george_allen_wo.html

also, Richmond, VA has one of the oldest Jewish communities in the country. It also had housing codes that kept Jews (including my grandparents) out of many neighborhoods into the 1960s.

Oh, and am I a stealth Jew? I have a usually-Jewish first name and a goyish surname...

Posted by: isaac butler on September 20, 2006 05:14 PM

Matt, I always thought you had a Jewish name. Oh well.

A funny he's-not-a-Jew tale is from Norman Jewison, the film director. He was asked to direct "Fiddler on the Roof". Came to the kickoff Hollywood meeting, filled with non-Gentiles, talked about the film what he was planning to do, the themes he wanted to emphasize, etc.

Then at the end of the meeting, he said he just wanted to "remind" everyone that he's in fact not Jewish, that Jewison is an old Yorkish name. Which he claims was followed by a long silence, which was broken finally by one of the Jewish executives who said, "why yes of course, that's why we wanted you to make the film, because you'd make sure to make the universal appeal.."

The irony of course is that was exactly right, and Norman Jewison, very much of a Gentile, did make a classic, albeit schmaltzy, movie that did beautifully address many universal themes.

My 8 year old has seen it over a dozen times.

Posted by: Samuel Knight on September 20, 2006 05:19 PM

Jewison is an old Yorkish name

Um, but wouldn't it stand for "son of a Jew"? (Like Peterson is "son of Peter"?) I don't know.

And I know a few Jews with non-Jewish sounding names. I don't think that it is the patrilinear/matrilinear thing, just that they are mostly Jewbans and have hispanic sounding names.

So there you have it -- the Confederacy was Good for the Jews.

Glad to see your Secession Nostalgia!

Posted by: Al on September 20, 2006 05:28 PM

Sam Rosenfeld is my favorite non-Jewish Jew. Although, personally, I prefer being on the stealth team...the Jewish KGB.

Posted by: Liza on September 20, 2006 05:44 PM

Back in the day when Sidney Green was playing for the Knicks I had a friend who was trying to come up with an all-black-guys-with-Jewish-names starting five. I can't remember if he succeeded, unfortunately.

Posted by: Delicious Pundit on September 20, 2006 05:53 PM

Back when I dated a girl from the Deep South one of her family members referred to me as a "Yankee jew-boy lawyer." Perhaps this wasn't typical of attitudes towards Jews throughout the South, but what I find more interesting in any event is that "jew-boy" was probably only the 3rd gravest insult in that phrase, in the speaker's estimation.

Posted by: Steve on September 20, 2006 06:03 PM

Huh?

As an atheist, I gotta say I'm confused...

How can a religious belief be passed on genetically?

And only from the mom?

That's like saying your genes can contain a belief in Big Foot or the Loch Ness Monster..

Posted by: monkyboy on September 20, 2006 06:48 PM

Religious beliefs are not passed on genetically. Ethnicities are.

Recall that, historically speaking, the Jews weren't simply a religious group, but a TRIBE...

Posted by: Steve on September 20, 2006 07:06 PM

Interesting, Steve.

If a woman converts to Judaism, are her kids in the club, too?

Posted by: monkyboy on September 20, 2006 07:20 PM

Who was the first Jewish cabinet secretary in the USA then?

Posted by: otto on September 20, 2006 08:04 PM

Thanks for deciding to add the "note on nomenclature." I just love hearing people explain/admit to their "insider" labeling systems (seriously--no snark intended--its all "culcha"--if only more were so straightforward.)

Posted by: artappraiser on September 20, 2006 08:50 PM
Posted by: Fred in Vermont on September 20, 2006 08:58 PM

Particularly mind-tricky in Matthew Yglesias' case is the fact that his last name is a Spanish name, and he is Jewish, but his Jewish ancestry is Ashkenazi and not Sephardic.

Posted by: flippantangel on September 20, 2006 09:57 PM

Words of wisdom from my Kentucky Gramma Goldie: "N-----s're as good as anybody!"

Posted by: godoggo on September 20, 2006 10:37 PM

I can't believe I can't be friends with Sam anymore.

Posted by: Spencer on September 20, 2006 10:58 PM

Someone else will have to provide the details, but I believe that the highest ranking military officer in the Civil War was a Union colonel. So maybe it balances out.

Posted by: Gene O'Grady on September 20, 2006 11:02 PM

Crypto-Jew seems to imply they know they're Jewish but are trying to hide it on purpose. Wouldn't blind-Jew be better?

The Ham Sandwich remark reminds me of a possibly apocryphal tale I was told about Easter Hams--that they originate in the inquisition when Morenos, who pretended to convert to avoid oppression, were sussed out by inquisitors visiting the feastsers and insisting on dropping some ham in the food.

Posted by: Saheli on September 20, 2006 11:26 PM

Oh, and did you see the Confederate States of America? There was an amusing riff on Judah P. Benjamin therein.

Posted by: Saheli on September 20, 2006 11:27 PM

I don't know about "blind." It implies their are symptoms you should have noticed.

How about "undiagnosed?"

Posted by: monkyboy on September 20, 2006 11:36 PM

perhaps one of the stupidest things Allen could've said on the matter... namely "I still had a ham sandwich for lunch".

Not in Southern VA's pig country. I'm sure that there are people in the Carolina's who are suspicious that those durned Jews will ban the pulled-pork sandwich.

Posted by: pseudonymous in nc on September 20, 2006 11:53 PM

Then I'm a stealth Jew, too.(My grandfather changed his name to a less German sounding one in the wake of WWI.)
But, as someone I once worked with said, "Just look at him! If he had a flashing neon sign over his head that said "Jewish", it couldn't be clearer." My name may be pure English, but my face certainly is not. Of course, this was said to an other co-worker who didn't realize I was Jewish but had just as close a look at my face.

Posted by: jeffrey smith on September 21, 2006 12:22 AM

"crypto-Jew" ... folks in the Allen/Albright/Clark category of having Jewish ancestry but not knowing about it.

Except that it seems very unlikely that Allen (curse him for defiling my name!) did indeed know about it. So he's... what? A crypto-Jew wannabe?

Posted by: Allen K. on September 21, 2006 01:09 AM

My name may be pure English, but my face certainly is not.

Sorry, I know from personal experience that one should not count on judging by that alone. One half of a gay couple that are close friends here in NYC, his parents immigrants from the Dominican Republic, raised Catholic, is regularly confused for being a yeshiva boy when he tries to hang out with his homies--even when he starts speaking dialect, they ask how a Jewish boy learned the lingo. His partner, of Puerto Rican heritage, agrees that he looks just like a yeshiva boy, even has a "yamulke bald spot," he says that's partly what makes him so cute. :-)

Posted by: artappraiser on September 21, 2006 01:12 AM

p.s. to the above: has happened to me, too! The noz is prominent, the skin very white, the hair very dark, the eyes very myopic and dark. Can't tell you how many times people guess I'm Jewish until they hear my English name purchased by my father in court to get rid of a troublesome one of 13 letters ending in "ski." (Interestingly, he did it right after "prejudice" he felt he encountered in the WWII army; apparently he felt that meritocracy had to be assisted by a name change as well as the G.I. bill!) Nope, I am 100% "Roman & Ruthenian Catholic blood" going back centuries I presume, but only god knows what was really going on centuries back in the Ruthenia/Poland/Ukraine whereof 75% of my peasant ancestors hark from centuries ago? How come so many of us look alike? Huh? Get a fake beard and some side curls, a nice hat, and hide bod under a heavy dark coat, and I could easily pass as a Hasid male. :-)

Posted by: artappraiser on September 21, 2006 01:32 AM

Three of my four grandparents were Jews. The non-Jew, my mother's mother, was of Swedish background, which, according to traditional Rabbinical law, makes me a non-Jew. My name, however, is Elson, passed on from my (Jewish) father's father, of Polish background, but even though it's a Polish Jewish name, it sounds something roughly like a Scandanavian name, which works out neatly anyway, since I'm technically non-Jewish, and have a fairly non-Jewish sounding name, even though it's purely coincidence, and I inherited my non-Jewish sounding name from Jews.

So, what does that make me?

Posted by: Julian Elson on September 21, 2006 04:05 AM

So he's... what? A crypto-Jew wannabe?

I'd call him a 'crypto-Kinky', in recognition of the next governor of Texas, since he's neither Jewish nor a cowboy.

Posted by: pseudonymous in nc on September 21, 2006 04:34 AM

Except that it seems very unlikely that Allen [unlike Albright/Kerry/Clark] (curse him for defiling my name!) did indeed know about it. So he's... what? A crypto-Jew wannabe?

I should note that Albright was reputed to also have been just as well-informed of her Jewish background. I remember when the story came out, everyone around her who knew about her and her family said that they had always known that her family was Jewish. That she seemed to be the only one who didn't know was considered hard to believe.

Posted by: Constantine on September 21, 2006 06:07 AM

Allen's mother is Jewish, so he is Jewish. However, I think I speak for many MOT's when I say we don't want him, but we are stuck with him.

Posted by: matt on September 21, 2006 08:26 AM

"Goys with super-Jewish names"???!

Dude, they're GERMAN names. Rosenfeld means "meadow of roses," more or less. That doesn't have to be Jewish. As an Austrian citizen... well, you know, to assume that all German names are Jewish is a particularly American belief.

Plus, there's an, ahem, irony, given events of the 30's and 40's.

Posted by: mc on September 21, 2006 09:06 AM

A non-Jew named Goldhammer was mistakenly murdered by Nazis in Washington state a decade or so ago, though he was a leftist non-Jew so they didn't exactly feel bad about it. A relative of his is running for Congress this year.

I've known several people who were often mistaken for Jews for various reasons, and several others who had Jewish descent but were not raised as Jews. In the latter case, I'd say that if you don't want to be a Jew you aren't one, and that's cool. The Nazis disagreed about this, which proves that I'm right.

The way Allen fumbled the ball here, compared to Albright and Kerry and Clark, is pretty good evidence that republican philo-Semitism is an enormous lie.

Posted by: John Emerson on September 21, 2006 09:31 AM

A religiously-Catholic, matrilineally-Jewish guy once interpreted my last name as indicating Jewish heritage. I'm not sure exactly why; maybe there's a historical Jewish community in the Scottish border country.

In general, US "super-Jewish names" do tend to be German-sounding names. I'm not sure it's so much ironic as stands-to-reason.

Posted by: Matt McIrvin on September 21, 2006 09:53 AM

No Fred, first Jewish cabinet member was Oscar Straus. He was the Secretary of Commerce and Labor (not Secretary of Labor, as Wikipedia claims) in the Teddy Roosevelt cabinet.

http://www.commerce.gov/secretaries.html

Posted by: Dave on September 21, 2006 10:39 AM

Technically, the category that George Allen finds himself in is the category of the getaufte juden, or the Baptized Jew. More than an apikoros, the getauftig jud is engaged in an antimoniacal struggle against his heritage - thus the emphasis on his consumption of chazerai wie speck und schinken. Consuming pork marks his assumed Christianity.

'Course, all us Jäcke know the getaufetejudenweger geht schon auch nach die giftgaskammer.

Hanging around with the braunerei just makes it happen faster, so he can go sit and spin.

Posted by: The New York City Math Teacher on September 21, 2006 10:42 AM

Most northern Jews seem to be entirely ignorant that Southern Jews exist, and that they aren't a particularly recent phenomenom. Certainly, they are concentrated in big cities, but there are a number in places you wouldn't expect. There's a pretty old Jewish community in Augusta, Georgia. I have a friend who has a Jewish father from Merididan, Mississippi.

It can be a bit irritating, my step grandmother ran into a woman in a bodega in NY during passover who couldn't understand why someone with a southern accent would be buying Matza.

Posted by: Gabe on September 21, 2006 11:09 AM

The New York Times Sulzbergers are originally Southern Jews, from Tennessee or Kentucky.

Posted by: John Emerson on September 21, 2006 11:27 AM

I'd dispute the notion that Northern Jews are largely ignorant of Southern Jews. I've always known - I have relatives from the South. But that notion is really disconnected from the point, which is that George Allen is a bigoted self-hating son of a Jewish mother. He's not really "a Southern Jew".

Why? There are two classic types or styles of the pre-1950 "Southern Jew". The first are Sephardic Jews who settled in the South before about 1840 - of which Judah Benjamin is one example. The second type is made up of mostly German Jews who emigrated to the United States starting after the Napoleonic Wars. There was a considerable increase in German-Jewish emigration after 1848. You don't see large populations of Jews from Eastern Europe come to the South until the sunbelt development post-WWII.

George Allen is really not typical of either of these classic "Southern Jews". Father is from Michigan. Mother a Tunisian crypto-Jewish pieds-noir. Grew up mostly in California. Allen's "Southernness" is subscriptive - an adoption of a cultural identity distinct from his family roots. That's not either wrong or right, but it makes his connections to suspicious Southern causes like the CCC much more suspect - I'm less suspicious of a person growing up in a milieu of racism being racist than I am of a person adopting a culture and buying into its pathologies. That speaks of deep holes in the individual.

Think about the reaction that John Kerry or Madeleine Albright or Wesley Clark had to public revelations of their Jewish roots - polite interest, agreement, but a degree of detachment that revealed the alienness of those roots to them. They didn't really care, deep inside, that a grandparent(s) might have been Jewish, because they were comfortable in their religious and ethnic identities as Catholics or members of other Christian denominations.

Allen, by contrast, seems to define himself in negation to part of his ancestry. There must be deep pathologies in his parents relationship. Bigoted father, certainly. Emotional coldness, as well.

Classic denouement in the second generation.

Posted by: The New York City Math Teacher on September 21, 2006 01:15 PM

Jewison is an old Yorkish name

Um, but wouldn't it stand for "son of a Jew"? (Like Peterson is "son of Peter"?) I don't know.

Actually, according to Jewison himself it is not Yorkish but Magyar (Hungarian). His grandparents were Hungarian (gentile) emigrants to Canada.

Posted by: The Man From K Street on September 21, 2006 02:13 PM

There used to be a website called Jewhoo that played "Jew or Not a Jew?" with every pro athlete who had a Jewish/German-soudning name. Sadly, the site at that URL appears to have been changed into something completely different. If I recall, most of the athletes discussed turned out to be non-Jewish, although occasionally you would find some that were, including some legitimate stars like Shawn Green (whose career has gone downhill lately, but anyway).

Posted by: JP on September 21, 2006 03:42 PM

Allen, by contrast, seems to define himself in negation to part of his ancestry. There must be deep pathologies in his parents relationship. Bigoted father, certainly. Emotional coldness, as well.

Allen's sister's book is a real must-read on this score. That family sounds like it was flat-out crazy.

Posted by: JP on September 21, 2006 03:44 PM

And how about Alfred Rosenberg?

Posted by: Vance Maverick on September 21, 2006 06:55 PM

I believe that "crypto Jew" is used for the decendents of what used to be called by the perjorative "Marrono". People who officially converted to Catholocism --- under torture and/or the sword --- but who secretly continued to practice Jewish ritual. These decendants often practice secret family, Jewishlike, rituals today, and often intermarry.

I don't think that the Senator quite qualifies.

Posted by: Barry on September 23, 2006 10:05 AM

I believe that "crypto Jew" is used for the decendents of what used to be called by the perjorative "Marrono". People who officially converted to Catholocism --- under torture and/or the sword --- but who secretly continued to practice Jewish ritual. These decendants often practice secret family, Jewishlike, rituals today, and often intermarry.

I don't think that the Senator quite qualifies.

Posted by: Barry on September 23, 2006 10:07 AM

I contend that there is no extant definition of "Jew" that includes all Jews and only Jews. (Of course, the preceding sentence implies a serious logical dilemma that would crop in an attempt to substantiate my contention.)

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