But I Want Babies Now! [Fake Laughter]

A couple of days ago, I saw a broadcast sitcom -- a Friends re-run -- for the first time in years. It was a slightly bizarre experience. In particular, the show is punctuated with . . . pre-recorded laughter. Then, today, at Catherine's request I watched How I Met Your Mother. And, I have to say, until I heard it I never really considered the possibility that contemporary sitcoms are still relying on this device. It's bizarre. Lighthearted half-hour cable shows -- Entourage, The Sarah Silverman Program, Curb Your Enthusiasm, etc. -- seem to get by quite well without it.

Which is to say nothing of the "humor." Obviously, I didn't grasp the subtle nuances of the show. But (by design) you don't need to actually know who any of the characters are or anything about them to get the "jokes." Indeed, the jokes could have been from a Friends episode that aired in 1995 -- apparently the only comedic premise available to sitcom writers is that women like relationships whereas men are afraid of commitment. No, wait, they also have jokes based on homophobia.

UPDATE: In many ways, though, the awfulness of The Black Donnellys renders all other TV-related complaining irrelevant.

Comments

30 rock, dude

Posted by: anon on March 5, 2007 09:11 PM

Is the title a Reduced Shakespeare reference? If so, very well played...

Posted by: Pooh on March 5, 2007 09:18 PM

Think I read once where sitcoms are still using the canned laughter from like "Burns & Allen', or "Make Room For Daddy". The ones yocking it up have been dead for 50 years- how ghoulish is that?

Posted by: Trevor on March 5, 2007 09:25 PM

I think Friends was taped in front of a live studio audience. That was probably real laughter you heard.

Posted by: Umar on March 5, 2007 09:26 PM

There is a third option, as seen on Rob Corddry's potentially career-killing The Winner: punctuate every single line, whether or not it appears to be a joke, with raucous fake laughter.

Posted by: Aaron S. Veenstra on March 5, 2007 09:28 PM

yes, most laugh track sitcoms are filmed with a studio audience, though I believe the audience laughter can be augmented at times. I saw a sitcom (just shoot me) being filmed when I lived out there and there was great effort to keep the audience as involved and as lively as possible during the process (including funny emcee, house band,etc), but also a recognition that after the 4th take or the 3rd hour the "real" laughter probably wouldn't be enough.

Posted by: Atrios on March 5, 2007 09:31 PM

God, the laugh track. Good god.

Wonder Showzen.

Posted by: Freddie on March 5, 2007 09:34 PM
Posted by: Mike Hoye on March 5, 2007 09:48 PM

For a new or unpopular show, your studio audience is usually recruited from the Venice Boardwalk, Hollywood Blvd. etc. Although I worked on one show where we had prisoners in the audience. Also Marines from Camp Pendelton, although not for the same taping. They are given loads of candy and harangued by a warmup "comedian". Then you go into the sound mix and they sound like idiots for laughing too much. (As Mr. A. notes, you do have to use the fake laughter to match when you cut between takes, or if you've done some shots without the audience. Not so much, in my experience, because they didn't laugh; the mini-Snickers have taken care of that.)

For Friends, of course, the audience is WAY PSYCHED to be there, even if those tapings went eight hours.

Live audience shows are more like theater; you get a bigger & faster performance out of some actors in front of the audience than you would in single camera. It's more fun, too, because a single camera show means five days of standing around a film shoot doing Sudoku, while a four-camera show means Show Night, during which you can drink.

As for this observation:

apparently the only comedic premise available to sitcom writers is that women like relationships whereas men are afraid of commitment. No, wait, they also have jokes based on homophobia.

I don't disagree, but you get a show made based on any premise but that. I never could.

Posted by: delicious pundit on March 5, 2007 09:49 PM

Down with the internet! Abandon all blogs!
Jerky hipsters with your cornball irony, disconnected from any-and-everything except for your flavor-of-the-month in-jokes in a futile attempt to make something one's own in a globalized culture.

Posted by: Trolly McTroll on March 5, 2007 10:05 PM

Just kidding. Most broadcast sitcoms don't seem to be any good. [fake laughter]

Posted by: Trolly McTroll on March 5, 2007 10:06 PM

I believe the last show to use pure "canned laughter" (as opposed to occasional augmenting of a genuinely existing studio audience) was, of all things, Sports Night. (The practice was eventually ended at Aaron Sorkin's request.) The last well-known, long-running sitcom to have a laugh track without a studio audience was probably M.A.S.H, whose format did not lend it itself to having the studio audience that its peers like All in the Family and Mary Tyler Moore had. The dominant practice from about 1970 to 2000 was to use a studio audience; since that time a dwindling number of that type (e.g., Two and a Half Men, How I Met Your Mother) have co-existed with shows that have neither a studio audience nor canned laughter (e.g., Malcolm in the Middle, The Office, Everybody Hates Chris, 30 Rock). Now many of these shows, particularly of the first kind, are indeed stupid and unfunny, but Matt's post is based on faulty premises he could have rectified through 30 seconds of research.

Posted by: James Kabala on March 5, 2007 10:09 PM

I don't think the distinction is between cable and broadcast shows. The Office, Scrubs, 30 Rock, the unfortunately canceled Arrested Development all do/did without studio audiences or laugh tracks.

When I was younger, I always wondered how the studio audiences would laugh when a joke relied on an abrupt scene change - did audiences still find the joke funny when the punch line came minutes later after setting up the new scene? Then I realized in my teens that the laughter was (gasp) manufactured. Since then, I haven't understood why studios still insist on using laugh tracks and studio audiences. It seems like an additional cost of production with little to no payoff. We've managed to watch funny movies for decades without laugh tracks, why should a 30 minute sitcom be any different?

Posted by: Shane on March 5, 2007 10:11 PM

apparently the only comedic premise available to sitcom writers is that women like relationships whereas men are afraid of commitment. No, wait, they also have jokes based on homophobia.

all men are gay; that is why they are afraid of committing to women...

...except for me, LADIES! (eyebrow raises suggestively) [pause] {raucous canned laughter}

Posted by: Gregorio on March 5, 2007 10:13 PM

My wife and I went to a taping of Friends in the 10th season. We were really laughing, take after take. But we were way into Friends, having watched it together in college. And scoring tickets was hard, so we were pretty psyched to be there.

But I'm sure they augment the laughter.

If you listen carefully--and if you happen to be a huge, huge dork like me--you can hear Marta Kauffman (one of the creators of the show) laughing along with the audience.

Posted by: Nick on March 5, 2007 10:16 PM

I've always wondered whether laugh tracks were more insulting to the audience (you idiots can't even figure out which parts are funny) or to the show (this crap isn't funny enough for people to figure out what they should find funny on their own).

Posted by: aleks on March 5, 2007 10:19 PM

(1) The greatest comedy of recent times, _Arrested Development_, (on Fox?) did not use a laugh track. Sadly, being really really good was not enough to keep it alive.

(2) Seeing a sitcom taped live is actually a lot of fun. You get to see exactly how the system works, how different jokes are occasionally used to see which one works better, and just how professional the actors are. It can't be easy to remember lines with so little time to prepare, and then add to that you have to remember variants of lines, and you have to be able to just pick up from some random point in the past as the director tells you to.

(3) Pace the above commenter, I seem to remember that How I Met Your Mother is NOT taped before a studio audience. I can't remember how I learned that, except that I was trying to get tickets for when a friend visited me and it come up in my internet search.

(4) The jokes are, of course, only a minor part of sitcom appeal. The major reason to watch How I Met Your Mother is to lust after Alysson Hannigan and Cobie Smulders.

Posted by: Maynard Handley on March 5, 2007 10:20 PM

I never knew M*A*S*H had canned laughter until quite late. If you've never watched the early episodes without a laugh track, seek them out.

Since then, I haven't understood why studios still insist on using laugh tracks and studio audiences. It seems like an additional cost of production with little to no payoff.

Oh, I dunno. The traditional two-camera sitcom is closer to live theatre than single-camera (esp. fake-doc) stuff. I'm sure Ken Levine will have written about this on his blog.

No, wait, they also have jokes based on homophobia.

And a (now) openly gay star.

See, I like HIMYM: the ensemble cast works well, and the commentary on relationships seems surprisingly un-shallow, even if they're stuck with the New York sitcom bind of everyone having to have a good upwardly-mobile middle-class job. As far as two-cam sitcoms go, I don't think there's one in production right now that's as smart. Only trouble is, the creators are stuck with the Josh Radnor / Cobie Smulders relationship after foreshadowing its end in the very first episode.

There is a third option, as seen on Rob Corddry's potentially career-killing The Winner:

Ed Helms is definitely winning The Steve Carell Memorial Post TDS Success pool right now. (Colbert doesn't count, for obvious reasons.)

Posted by: pseudonymous in nc on March 5, 2007 10:31 PM

Ken Levine did indeed write an interesting piece on laugh tracks (focusing on M.A.S.H., in fact). The comments are also interesting.

http://kenlevine.blogspot.com/2006/07/can-canned-laughter.html

Posted by: James Kabala on March 5, 2007 10:43 PM

I often fly American Airlines on business. The in-flight entertainment always includes 4 or 5 re-runs of Two and a Half Men and King of Queens. I never tune in with my headphones, but I can't help but notice the action onscreen, and, I swear, you can see the laugh track in the body language.

Her: Set-up line.
Him: Set-up line.
Her: Punch line. [Pause during fake laughter.]
Him 2: [Enters stage left. Fake applause.] Punch line. [Fake laughter.]
Her: Punch line. [Convulsive fake laughter.]

Even without the sound, I'm sick of it!!! Sick of it!!!

Posted by: Beale on March 5, 2007 10:44 PM

The greatest comedy of recent times, _Arrested Development_,

Perhaps you use "recent" more restrictively than I do, Handley, but the greatest TV comedy of recent times is News Radio, which went off the air in 1999. (Admittedly, the last season sucked. No Phil Hartman will do that.)

the awfulness of The Black Donnellys renders all other TV-related complaining irrelevant

Someone said, in reference to BD, that it just went to show that if you want to put a drama about black people on network TV, you better make them Irish. That seemed likely enough to be an accurate appraisal that I've been giving the show a wide berth. Good to know that the show's living up to expectations and that I'm not missing anything.

Posted by: SomeCallMeTim on March 5, 2007 11:48 PM

*Entourage*??

I think it gets by without a laughtrack because it isn't funny enough to merit one...

Posted by: 3pointshooter on March 6, 2007 12:00 AM

Did "The Mullets" have a laugh track?

Posted by: Reality Man on March 6, 2007 12:47 AM

MATT!

Please post about the most recent development on BSG (i wont spoil in case you aren't caught up). I need to discuss this intelligently with other fans.

Posted by: b.schac on March 6, 2007 01:07 AM

Technically, the laughter on Friends was not pre-recorded. The shows are shot in front of an audience that laughs, but of course they only laugh at the first take. So frequently the editor will have to take laughs from another take (or, admittedly, if the joke falls flat, from another JOKE), but the laughs are largely recorded with the program.

Which is not to say that for many people (including me), single camera sitcoms NOT shot in front of an audience aren't funnier. But I have a strong suspicion that the ratings of laughtrack sitcoms must be at least as high, if not higher, than single camera sitcoms, or the networks wouldn't keep airing them.

Posted by: John on March 6, 2007 03:07 AM

Arrested Development blows NewsRadio out of the water by any sane person's standards; enjoyable as a stoned late night rerun? Yes. Innovative, relentlessly creative and hilarious, David Cross-tastical? I think not!

We get it: Andy Dick is gay and on drugs. Let's move on.

Arrested Development= best american live action situation comedy television program ever. PERIOD.

Posted by: Gregorio on March 6, 2007 03:56 AM

All the brothers in the Black Donnellys are apparently named Fredo. Paul Haggis should have read The Westies.

Posted by: O'Toole on March 6, 2007 04:51 AM

i couldnt tell if "the laughtrack" on The Winner was supposed to be ironic. it was just so egregious, i couldnt even watch the program. basically if you add a laugh track to a comedy, you are admitting that you are seeking a dimwitted audience.

Posted by: alias on March 6, 2007 06:14 AM

My wife and I watch exactly one sitcom, and that's HIMYM. It was a bit awkward the first few episodes, but it's a hell of a lot funnier than Entourage (a great show, but hardly a comedy Matt). Nobody cares about the trite dating plotlines, it's an ensemble comedy where the cast has a good repore and the incidental jokes just happen to be well targeted for a late twenties-early thirties audience.

But I can understand how it might miss Matt's age group. Do you even remember Doogie Howser, M.D.?

Posted by: Matt NotYglesias on March 6, 2007 07:58 AM

I never knew M*A*S*H had canned laughter until quite late. If you've never watched the early episodes without a laugh track, seek them out.

M*A*S*H was, at least, smart enough to keep the laugh track out of the surgery sequences, even though some of the funniest dialogue happened there.

Posted by: luc on March 6, 2007 08:20 AM

The canned laughter definitely has to go.

Posted by: eriks on March 6, 2007 08:27 AM

One of the greatest sitcoms of all time was The Muppet Show. Of course it was also a variety show. And it was filmed before a live audience. Of muppets. No need for a laugh track there. And, it was also a backstage drama. One of its greatest episodes brought in the "owner" of the theater that they worked in. He couldn't get over all the animals that they kept backstage.

You can take your Arrested Development and drown it like a kitten.

Posted by: Jeffrey Davis on March 6, 2007 09:02 AM

Does it make me a total loser if I find Scrubs the only watchable sitcom on TV, by a longshot? What's the cool kids' take on Scrubs? I find it genuinely funny most of the time. I admit I haven't tried the current Monday CBS sitcoms that seem to meet with general approval here but I've sampled every other night and long since given up. Also, I suppose The Office is objectively hilarious but I can't help comparing it unfavorably to the original.

Posted by: Ryan on March 6, 2007 09:39 AM

I liked "The Black Donnellys" a lot more the first time I saw it, when it was called "Boondock Saints."

Posted by: Chris on March 6, 2007 10:03 AM

Greatest sitcom of this century: Coupling (yeah, it's British, someone had to go there).

Posted by: Tony V on March 6, 2007 10:03 AM

Scrubs, you either love it or you hate it. There's really no in the middle with that show..either the absurdity just annoys you or you find it endearing. Personally, I love it.

It's ironic that probably the worst show on TV right now, Black Donnellys, is right after what may be the best show on TV right now, in Heroes. Which doesn't get nearly enough credit...I thought the show was going to be horrible, a network superhero show. Yawn. But they're doing a great traditional comic yarn, the best serial drama going right now and it's a very nice looking show to boot. Last week's episode ("Company Man", if you want to look it up), is on my list of Best. Episodes. Ever, along with the "Three Stories" episode of House, (which has dipped a bit in quality, but I have hope it'll get better), and the "My Brother" episodes of Scrubs (It's a two-parter of sorts , dealing with the eventual death of Dr. Cox's brother played be Brenden Fraiser)

Posted by: Karmakin on March 6, 2007 10:25 AM

Okay, so this is totally mortifying, but I am a fan of How I Met Your Mother, and I have to defend it.

They don't use a laugh track; because of all of the flashback and flashforwards and fast cuts, they can't tape in front of a live studio audience. So they tape the show over several days and then show it to an audience and record that laughter. And although some of the episodes deal with men's fear of commitment, there are also episodes that deal with women's fear of commitment. And most of the episodes have nothing to do with anyone's fear of commitment.

And the homophobia thing, undeniable in last night's episode for sure. But others have been quite the opposite, like the one where Wayne Brady guest starred as Barney's (Neil Patrick Harris) gay brother.

I'm going to go crawl under my desk and die of embarassment because I know that, but it's true. And it is genuinely the funniest show on TV right now, I think.

Posted by: Katie Bennett on March 6, 2007 11:06 AM

Yglesias sounds like this guy.
http://www.theonion.com/content/node/28694

You can't put quotes around "humor" and "jokes" without coming off like a huge snob. Too highbrow for 'broadcast sitcoms', Yglesias? I picture you and your chums chortling over the latest swear word on Deadwood whilst sipping Cabernet and tossing out sordid rumors of political intrigue and feeling generally superior.

Posted by: Adam on March 6, 2007 11:27 AM

I was casually watching an episode of "The War at Home" on Fox (don't ask, my roommate was curious) and I noticed the same thing. After every single "punchline", every single one, there was this huge outpouring of fake laughter. It was unbelievable, literally. I wonder how this could in anyway help a show, other then the obvious that a show is so bad that without the fake laughs no one would know what is supposed to be funny and what isn't.

I guess I agree with your point Matt, that in watching shows without laugh tracks (for me primarily Scrubs, Arrested Development and Entourage) the usage of fake laughs is even more stark and off putting.

Posted by: Jake on March 6, 2007 11:57 AM

Unless you are watching all Frontline all the time, television viewing is a bit of a guilty pleasure. And given the forces at work in society, we all have to be resisting viewers and challenge the sexism, racism, and homophobia that we find. This stuff doens't just appear in fictional television, though. You can see on the news, in magazines, etc.

Single camera comedy shows that eschew conventions like audience laughter certainly have taken over, and when you watch a more "traditional" sitcom, the differences are stark. But honestly, I don't think that Scrubs is more highbrow or sophisticated than HIMYM. Seinfeld had either a studio audience or a laugh track, and no one would imply that it was less funny for it. These things go around and come around, and they aren't your cup of tea, that's fine. But let us not pretend that one's taste has any bearing on one's intelligence.

Posted by: Katie Bennett on March 6, 2007 12:05 PM

Chris Elliot's Action Family used the juxtaposition of laugh-track studio sitcom scenes and cliched 'action' show scenes to point out the effect. Some other good sendups of tv cliches as well, and yes, I realize this dates me.

Posted by: theCoach on March 6, 2007 12:33 PM

scrubs is fine, but it's got that mopey, meaningful side that's just lame ("tonight, on a very special epsiode for friends . . .). arrested development was great, though i found it lagged somewhat towards the end (may have been that they could smell the impending doom).

and 30 rock just plain rocks. truly, truly funny, odd, pushes the envelope (30 rock has convinced me comedy is better when there are censors that won't let them really swear or directly address certain topics), great cast. in fact, the occasional 30 rock that's only decent in comparison with the others brings home how good it really is, because it's still better than any other sitcom.

my guilty pleasure: that 70s show. ignored it when it first came out, started watching the nitely repeats, truly funny show, great cast, surprisingly honest on human relationships (red and kitty really love each other, still have a sex life, etc.).

Posted by: dj superflat on March 6, 2007 01:03 PM

I picture you and your chums chortling over the latest swear word on Deadwood whilst sipping Cabernet and tossing out sordid rumors of political intrigue and feeling generally superior.

Who the fuck drinks Cabernet during Deadwood? It's a rich and complex show that calls for the deep but heady taste of a Merlot. Rube.

Posted by: SomeCallMeTim on March 6, 2007 01:32 PM

You're totally right SomeCallMeTim. I'm a bumpkin and have been chastised appropriately, but the shame will linger.

Posted by: adam on March 6, 2007 01:49 PM

Have to agree with Katie Bennett here - How I Met Your Mother is awesomely funny. I don't understand why you wouldn't find it funny unless, of course, you've never been a) involved in the dating scene and b) done stupid things while drunk (the "slap bet" episode was one of the funniest things ever, and it was great to see Marshall didn't forget it when he slapped Barney during his one man show). The dialogue is sharp, too - NPH delivers his catchphrase-worthy lines perfectly - and sometimes it feels like I'm watching (oddly enough) Buffy, but without the vampires and otherworldly stuff going on.

It's sharper and more contemporary than shit like "According to Jim" or "The King of Queens" which are cookie cutter sitcoms if ever there were any. The cast of HIMYM, by comparison, are all sharp and witty; some with legit acting/comedy chops (NPH's turn in Howard and Kumar, Hannigan in Buffy of course, Segel in Freaks & Geeks). Friends was funny for a couple of seasons but then got overly hokey and chick-worthy; HIMYM has plenty of "guy jokes" (not about gays - mostly about drinking/work) to make it gender friendly.

What is this homophobia in last night's episode, anyway? I don't remember being shocked by homophobia watching that show. And NPH is gay in case anyone forgot.

Sorry for the rambling review. I love the show and never miss an episode. Solidarity with the other fans, woo! Maybe it's not highbrow enough for Matt?

Thanks for the heads up about the Black Donnellys. I have an episode sitting on my Tivo - I'll be sure to delete it when I get home from work.

Posted by: ihateemo on March 6, 2007 01:50 PM

Last night's episode was the one where Marshall (who has just been dumped) starts spending a lot of time with a friend from law school who has similarly just been dumped. They go to brunch, to a Broadway show, etc., and his friends tease him about being in a relationship with the guy. When Marshall thinks that the guy bought him flowers, he "breaks up" with the guy, but it turns out the flowers were for the guy's girlfriend, with whom he just made up.

I guess you could say that the show was making fun of homophobia, but you could also see the plot as being homophobic in and of itself. As much as I love HIMYM, I wouldn't necessarily disagree with the second interpretation.

And this is shockingly embarrasing also (Matt and I clearly have very different TV taste), but you may want to give The Black Donnellys a chance. It is stereotypical, it relies heavily on every mob movie/television show convention, and I really, really dislike Crash (Paul Haggis wrote/directed TBD). In spite of all of those things, I sort of liked the pilot and I thought the second episode, which aired last night, was even better. There is something about the situation of a man who wants turn away from crime but can't that is really American and compelling. Sure it isn't the Godfather (few things ever will be), but I think that the show has the potential to be good television, even if it isn't there yet.

Yeah, I really am going to have to start posting on this site under an assumed name.

Posted by: Katie Bennett on March 6, 2007 02:14 PM

The fault, dear Matthew, is not in our studios, but in ourselves that we like laughtracks. It is human. Laughter is a response to tension relieved, a sign that it is safe. That makes it natural to reserve laughter until it is safe; when others are laughing.

They are not calling us stupid when the laughtrack kicks in, they are, on an instinctive level, telling us it is safe to laugh.

Posted by: Njorl on March 6, 2007 02:18 PM

There is a drinking game where one watches the War at Home and takes a shot each time Michael Rappaport's character makes a crude joke in response to discomfort with Gays or Blacks.

This game killed Bon Scott, Keith Moon, John Bonham, and is killing Christopher Hitches. Michael Rappaport's reign of retarded bigot humor must come to an end! Sorry, I didn't mean to offend all you retards (Petey, Al...) by comparing you to a baboon anus like Rappaport. And come to think of it, baboon anuses are far more colorful and entertaining.

Michael Rappaport is the Michelle Malkin of sitcoms.

Posted by: Gregorio on March 6, 2007 06:56 PM

beatiful

Posted by: sohbet on July 31, 2007 06:11 PM

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Posted by: oyunlar on August 28, 2007 10:29 AM

There is a drinking game where one watches the War at Home and takes a shot each time Michael Rappaport's character makes a crude joke in response to discomfort with Gays or Blacks.

This game killed Bon Scott, Keith Moon, John Bonham, and is killing Christopher Hitches. Michael Rappaport's reign of retarded bigot humor must come to an end! Sorry, I didn't mean to offend all you retards (Petey, Al...) by comparing you to a baboon anus like Rappaport. And come to think of it, baboon anuses are far more colorful and entertaining.

Michael Rappaport is the Michelle Malkin of

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